PDF: Rare Intraosseous Myofibroma of the Mandible in Adults: Diagnostic Insights and Literature Review



Intraosseous myofibroma (IM)
is a rare, benign neoplasm of myofibroblastic origin that infrequently arises within the jawbone.

While myofibromas more commonly present in soft tissues or subcutaneous regions—especially in infants and young children—their intraosseous manifestation, particularly in the mandible, remains exceedingly uncommon.


By one estimate, only around forty documented cases of solitary mandibular myofibroma have been reported in the literature

* Clinically, intraosseous myofibroma of the mandible may manifest as slow-growing, unilocular radiolucent lesions, often discovered incidentally during routine dental imaging.

However, they can also present with symptoms such as:

✔ Buccolingual expansion
✔ Displacement of teeth
✔ Cortical thinning
✔ Mild discomfort


* Radiographically, these lesions typically appear well-defined and radiolucent, occasionally prompting inclusion in the differential diagnosis for odontogenic tumors or cystic lesions due to their imaging similarity.

* Histologically, IMs are characterized by spindle-shaped myofibroblastic cells arranged in fascicles, often accompanied by thin-walled vascular channels.

* Immunohistochemical studies reveal positivity for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and vimentin, while typically showing negative staining for S‑100, desmin, and CD34—findings consistent with a perivascular myoid or pericytic lineage.

The biologic behavior of mandibular IM is generally indolent, with most cases successfully treated via conservative surgical resection and exhibiting low recurrence rates.

The present article, titled “Intraosseous myofibroma of the mandible: A case report and review of the literature,” contributes a rare instance of IM in a 44-year-old male—unusual given the typical pediatric presentation—and enriches the existing body of knowledge with an updated literature review, diagnostic insights, and treatment outcomes.

This comprehensive case report not only documents the clinical, radiologic, and histopathologic features of mandibular intraosseous myofibroma in an adult patient but also serves as an invaluable resource for oral healthcare professionals.

Dentists worldwide are invited to access and download the full article, available as a PDF, to explore the complete case details, review of previous reports, and thoughtful clinical recommendations.


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