Periodontal Disease is the most common chronic inflammatory bacterial disease that dramatically affects tooth loss and consequent adverse effects not only on the patient's aesthetics and self-confidence but also on the general condition of the body.
Because of the high expectation of aggressive behaviour of periodontal disease, the ability to diagnosis and treat early may decrease the risk of tooth loss.
So a complete understanding of its silent characteristic is the key. Periodontal disease is a chronic immune inflammatory microbial disease of surrounding supportive structures around the teeth.
This disease caused by different micro biomes which already was natural inhabitants in the oral cavity but there is oral dysbiosis occurs due to bad oral hygiene habits which correspond to this state.
The most common contributing complex bacterial species are both Gram-negative (Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Prevotella intermedia, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Campylobacter rectus, etc.) and Gram-positive bacteria (Eubacterium timidum, Parvimonas micra, etc.).
$100.81 (2023)
Periodontal disorders are considered asymptomatic in the early stages of the disease ranging from slight inflamed gum and bleeding on probing but later on, the disease becomes more advanced and severe, may reach pocket formation, bone loss, and looseness and at this stage may be difficult to be saved so the time factor is very informative and critical.
Plaque biofilm is considered a main etiological factor in periodontal disease which is mineralized into calculus that turns into a niche for precipitating non-calcified plaque, offering ideal places for microorganisms to colonize and metabolize.
The tissue damage is based on the interaction between the aggressive microbial factors and the host’s immune reactions.
Microbial toxins and enzymes, intensive bacterial growth, and local phagocytic responses lead to odentogingival junctional pathology, chronic inflammation, destruction of the periodontium, and the formation of periodontal pockets.
Aim: to thoroughly light on the significance of the early diagnosis and treatment of periodontal diseases which will take part in good prognosis and better outcomes on oral and general health.
