While Maxillary Sinus Floor Augmentation (MSFA) via the lateral window or transcrestal approaches has proven to be a highly predictable method to increase residual bone height, the procedure is frequently complicated by Schneiderian membrane perforation.
To safeguard clinical predictability and minimize surgical complications, understanding the intricate anatomical variations of the sinus cavity is paramount.
This comprehensive literature review provides a definitive synthesis of current scientific evidence regarding the surgical anatomy of the maxillary sinus and its direct correlation to procedural success.
The publication introduces a pivotal clinical concept: evaluating the dynamic stretching potential of the Schneiderian membrane rather than focusing solely on residual bone height.
It delves into multiple critical risk factors, including transient membrane health conditions, the complex three-dimensional contours of the sinus walls, and the clinical management of antral septa.
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Furthermore, the paper introduces a rational decision tree designed to help clinicians objectively select the optimal surgical technique (lateral vs. transcrestal) based on patient-specific morphological parameters.
For oral surgeons, periodontists, and implantologists, this review serves as an essential evidence-based framework to optimize risk stratification, refine surgical execution, and ensure long-term clinical predictability.
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