Despite decades of research, our knowledge of several important aspects of periodontal pathogenesis remains incomplete.
Epigenetics allows to perform dynamic analysis of different variations in gene expression, providing this great advantage to the static measurement provided by genetic markers.
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The aim of this systematic review is to analyze the possible relationships between different epigenetic mechanisms and periodontal diseases, and to assess their potential use as biomarkers of periodontitis.
Epigenetics is an emerging field of science that study the changes in gene expression, that do not require or involve changes in DNA sequencing.
In other words, epigenetics is not directly related to gene mutation, but
to disorders in the expression of certain genes that make it possible to adapt cell functions to cellular surrounding needs.
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This means that different situations that can occur in cell environment, such as inflammation, environmental changes etc, can lead to silencing or overexpression of certain genes that express different molecules.
