The term dental caries is used to describe thesigns and symptoms of a localized demineralization of the mineral portion of these tissues followed by the disintegration of their organic material.
Caused by metabolic events taking place in the biofilm (dental plaque) caused by the action of microorganisms on fermentable carbohydrates covering the affected area.
The destruction can affect enamel, dentin and cementum. The disease can result in bacterial invasion and death of the pulp and the spread of infection into the periapical tissues, causing pain.
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In its early stages, however, the disease can be arrested since it is possible for remineralization to occur.